Mois : juin 2008

Index June 2008

Sebastian Chuwa – Tanzania

Linked with Stockholm Challenge, and with the African Conservation Foundation ACF.

Sebastian Chuwa is a man with a vision for his country, his people, and the future generations who will inherit their legacy. For 30 years he has been actively studying environmental problems in his east African homeland of Tanzania and the solutions he has found offer results that benefit not only the land, but all the populations that depend on it for life and sustenance. His methods are based on the two primary objectives of community activism – organizing people to address their problems at a local level, and youth education – influencing the teaching of conservation in schools, beginning at the primary level … (full text).

Who is Sebastian Chuwa?

Sebastian’s interests not only lie with his botanical studies, Seba has a wide and in depth knowledge of his countries natural history and ethnic culture accompanied with a charming personality … (full text).

Video: Sebastian Chuwa Wins Top Arbor Day Award, 9.47 min, added June 8, 2007.

..

Sebastian Chuwa – Tanzania

The blog: Africa Unchained, on Sebastian Chuwa, the tree planter.

When Sebastian Chuwa left his childhood home on the southern slope of Tanzania’s Mount Kilimanjaro 30 years ago to work as a conservator at the Ngorongoro Crater, he couldn’t have predicted that he would one day be back on the legendary mountain, helping both Kilimanjaro and its people. And yet, since 1991, that’s exactly what he has been doing. The million-plus residents of the agricultural area surrounding Africa’s tallest peak have for centuries relied on the mountain’s generous rainy seasons and glaciers, but severe climate change has led to decreased rainfall and a receding glacial cap … (full text).

Mpingo trees back on slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro.

Chuwa has achieved his success in replanting largely by using Tanzania’s national tree, the African blackwood (Dalbergia melanoxylon) as a flagship species in the fight against deforestation. Usually referred to by its Swahili name, mpingo, this remarkable tree once dotted the entire African dry savannah. Today it is estimated that less than three million mpingo trees remain, with most stands confined to Tanzania and Mozambique … (full text).

His picture.

… Sebastian’s interest in botany led him to discover a completely new plant species in the Ngorongoro Highlands, and this has been named after him. He has also been nominated for the prestigious Rolex Award for his work in propagating indigenous tree species on the slopes of Mount Kilimanjaro. In February 2002 the Olympic Committee honoured his conservation efforts by presenting him with the Spirit of the Land Award in person during a visit to Salt Lake City, USA … (full text).

Continuer la lecture de « Sebastian Chuwa – Tanzania »

Chris Hedges – USA

Linked with truthdig.com.

Christopher L. Hedges (born 18 September 1956 in St. Johnsbury, Vermont) is a journalist and author, specializing in American and Middle Eastern politics and society. Hedges is currently a senior fellow at The Nation Institute in New York City and a Lecturer in the Council of the Humanities and the Anschutz Distinguished Fellow at Princeton University. He spent nearly two decades as a foreign correspondent in Central America, the Middle East, Africa and the Balkans. He has reported from more than fifty countries, and has worked for The Christian Science Monitor, National Public Radio, The Dallas Morning News and The New York Times, where he spent fifteen years. Hedges was part of The New York Times team that won the 2002 Pulitzer Prize for the paper’s coverage of global terrorism. He received the 2002 Amnesty International Global Award for Human Rights Journalism … and: He … describes war as « the most potent narcotic invented by humankind » … and: he says (about Iraq): « We are embarking on an occupation that, if history is any guide, will be as damaging to our souls as it will be to our prestige and power and security » … (full text).

Videos with Chis Hedges:

..

Chris Hedges – USA

Welcome Home, Soldier: Now Shut Up, June 28th, 2008.

Six months ago, veteran war reporter Chris Hedges and I embarked on an intensive project to answer these questions. We wanted to document and reveal the ugly, under-acknowledged underbelly of the occupation. To do this, we interviewed more than 50 Iraq war combat veterans on the record about their experiences with Iraqi civilians. Many of them described witnessing, and even participating in, atrocities against unarmed Iraqis. Chris and I discovered that war crimes against Iraqi non-combatants have been far more widespread than is commonly known … (full long text, June 12, 2008).

Obama Falls into Bush’s Iran Trap, June 9, 2008.

He writes: … All governments lie, as I.F. Stone pointed out, and it is the job of the journalist to do the hard, tedious reporting to shine a light on these lies. It is the job of courtiers, those on television playing the role of journalists, to feed off the scraps tossed to them by the powerful and never question the system. In the slang of the profession, these television courtiers are “throats.” These courtiers, including the late Tim Russert, never gave a voice to credible critics in the buildup to the war against Iraq. They were too busy playing their roles as red-blooded American patriots. They never fought back in their public forums against the steady erosion of our civil liberties and the trashing of our Constitution. These courtiers blindly accept the administration’s current propaganda to justify an attack on Iran. They parrot this propaganda. They dare not defy the corporate state. The corporations that employ them make them famous and rich. It is their Faustian pact. No class of courtiers, from the eunuchs behind Manchus in the 19th century to the Baghdad caliphs of the Abbasid caliphate, has ever transformed itself into a responsible elite. Courtiers are hedonists of power … (full text, June 23, 2008).

The real consequences when America is at war, June 5, 2008.

Continuer la lecture de « Chris Hedges – USA »

Lenira Maria de Carvalho – Brazil

She is one of the 1000 women proposed for the Nobel Peace Price 2005.

Lenira Maria de Carvalho (1932), in her childhood, had to take care of children instead of playing with dolls. Just like her mother, she faced a working day of twelve hours in exchange for food and a place to sleep. She did not put with that situation. Along with other young women, she took on the task of increasing awareness in the districts of Recife. (1000 peacewomen 1/2).

She says: “The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was written over half a century ago and we still see a lot of inhumanity. Most of us are not aware of the right to preserve our dignity ».

..

Lenira Maria de Carvalho – Brazil

She works for the Sindicato dos Empregados Domésticos da Região Metropolitanado Recife.

In 1988, she founded a Union that provides judicial support to fifty maids per day. For over 50 years, Lenira Maria de Carvalho has pursued ideals to conquer rights for domestic workers.

Lenira was born in a sugar-cane plantation farm inside Alagoas. Her mother worked in the “big house” (the farm owner’s house). Without a father and with no house to call her own, she shared a bed with her mother and sister and she ate leftover food. “My mother worked her whole life and never saw any money.”

Lenira moved to Recife, when she was 14, to work as a maid for her mother’s boss’ son. She managed to enroll in a night school run by nuns, where she concluded elementary school. Her awakening to militancy occurred when she was 24 years old and attended meetings at the JCO – Juventude Católica Operária (a group of young catholic manual workers).

As a missionary in the JCO, Lenira helped organize state and regional meetings. In 1964, with the Military Coup, came the repression. She was taken into prison. After, she continued mobilizing maids. In the 70’s, she founded the category’s association. She traveled to other states and met many leaders to make sure that their rights would be recognized in the 1988 Brazilian Constitution. “We got the right to vacation, to receive prior warning before getting fired, to be paid a 13th salary at the end of each year and to continue getting paid during maternity leave.

Lenira and her partners inaugurated the Domestic Worker’s Union in Recife, which sees about seven thousand people a year. She was elected president of the Union. She also wrote a textbook called “The Social Value of Domestic Work”. Now, 72 years old, she is tireless. Currently, she fights to be able to give domestic workers the right to their own house and to a fair retirement.

Continuer la lecture de « Lenira Maria de Carvalho – Brazil »

Ny Luangkhot – Laos

Linked with Earth Systems.

Ny Luangkhot was born in Nongbon village Chaichettha district, Vientiane in 1953. She has a master’s degree in economics from the University of Kiev and another in Sociology from the Sociology Institute of Moscow State University. She worked for the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, and was an interpreter for high-ranking officers. She lectured on Marxism to senior members of the Communist Party and worked for NGOs. Currently a consultant on development issues, she trains local workers in community development project evaluation for local and international organizations … (1000PeaceWomen 1/2).

She says: « There are two types of people in this world, the strong and the weak. We can choose to belong to either kind. But for women, I wish they would seek to belong to the strong rather than the weak ».

The Rural Research and Development Training Center RRDTC is an independent, non political Lao Not for Profit Association which is locally managed. We provide training, research and resources for community development in Lao PDR … (full text).

..

Ny Luangkhot – Laos

She has two Master’s Degrees, one in economy from the University of Kiev, and one in sociology from the University of Moscow. She has extensive experience of work at village and grass-roots level in rural Laos within a number of professional areas, including water supply and sanitation. She is well versed with applying participatory working methods, and has extensive experience of statistical investigations and studies at village level. At the same time, she has worked with education and process facilitation at high national level, amongst other things she has participated in the development of a national strategy for rural water supply and sanitation … (geoscope.se).

Found on 1000PeaceWomen: … “I feel I am aging and am slow at times. To work with the youth, you need a lot of power. I think if I am no longer hired to work, I will attempt to do small work to share my knowledge with the youth and to give them moral support. No one rules over the other. We all simply want to share our experience and I want to continue working as a stimulant.”

Those are the words of Ny Luangkhot, a development worker who has lived for more than 50 years. She was born in 1953 to a poor farmer family in Nongbon village, Chaichettha district, Vientiane. Her mother was a rice farmer, and her father organized the first charity in Vientiane to make coffins for the destitute. From 19 siblings, only eight survived. The oldest sister among the remaining offspring, Ny Luangkhot had to take on great responsibilities. After school, she collected vegetables and fresh water crabs and fish from a rice field and sold them to earn income for her family.

Continuer la lecture de « Ny Luangkhot – Laos »

Sayed Naqi – Afghanistan

Linked with The Afghan Women’s Mission AWM, the Revolutionary Association of the Women of Afghanistan RAWA, with The Afghan Women’s Network, with The Afghan Women’s Organisation AWO, with Afghan Women’s Educational Center AWEC, with Afghan Links, with Afghan Institute of Learning AIL – Creating Hope International CHI, and with The Afghan Independent Journalists Association.

She is one of the 1000 women proposed for the Nobel Peace Price 2005.

Bibi Naqi was born in 1928 in Kabul, Afghanistan and has a BA in Literature. Having worked as a teacher, headmistress and principal in many schools in Kabul since the 1950s, she has a long experience in education. Now she is retired. As a tribute to her efforts, Bibi Naqi was promoted by His Majesty crown prince Ahmad Shah, the elder son of former King Mohammad Zahir, to head of education in Kabul. Thanks to her, many orphan girls and boys were able to attend schools with her encouragement and subsistence. She has received several medals and certificates of honor … (1000peacewomen 1/2).

She says: « Despite the challenges I have faced throughout my life and in my education career, I remained steadfast so that young girls would look at me and overcome their unfortunate conditions ».

..

Sayed Naqi – Afghanistan.

Sayed Bibi Naqi, was the only girl among the Sadat families who attended school. But due to economic hardship, she could not attend school after year nine. But she managed to pursuer higher education while working part-time. She went to school during a period when girls’ education and going to school was a sinful act.

Despite all these challenges, in 1950 she studied hard and obtained a BA in Literature. After her graduation she was appointed as a teacher, and later she served as vice-principle of Zarghona girl’s high school and in many other schools. Bibi Naqi was promoted as principle of Zarghona girl’s school, but due to the dominant discrimination against women’s work at that time she was fired from her post.

In 1960’s she was appointed as vice-dean of Faculty of Education. She had also served as Director of Education for the Red Crescent Society of Afghanistan. In 1960’s she was transferred to the ministry of education where she has suffered more from ethnic discrimination and was eventually forced to early retirement.

As her financial status was so constrained, she had to work as a typist in the Radio Afghanistan and Afghanistan Bank for 18 years. Despite facing discrimination, she was applauded for her significant efforts and has received some awards, medals and certificates of honor. Bibi Naqi has always been impassioned to seek knowledge and pursue education.

She traveled to France and Australia to improve her French and English languages and advance her work skill. Her works stand as a pioneering exemplum to Afghan girls who are deterred from education whether by traditional customs or by financial constraints. (1000peacewomen 2/2).

Continuer la lecture de « Sayed Naqi – Afghanistan »

Gladys Marín Millié – Chile (1941 – 2005)

Gladys Marín Millié has passed away

She is one of the 1000 women proposed for the Nobel Peace Price 2005.

Gladys del Carmen Marín Millie (July 16, 1941 – March 6, 2005) was a Chilean activist and political figure. She was Secretary-General of the Communist Party of Chile PCCh (1994-2002) and then president of the PCCh until her death. She was a staunch opponent of General Augusto Pinochet and filed the first lawsuit against him, in which she accused him of committing human rights violations during his seventeen-year dictatorship … She died of brain cancer after a long battle which included treatment in Cuba and Sweden. Upon her death the government declared two days of national mourning. In accordance with her wishes, her coffin was exhibited at the former National Congress in Santiago and was viewed by thousands of mourners prior to its cremation. For her funeral the PCCh and her family organized a march through the center of Santiago, where there were between 500,000 and 1 million marchers. An avenue crossing a working class district of Santiago was later renamed after her … (full long text).

She said: “To fight is not to suffer, to fight is to create”.

Gladys del Carmen Marín Millie (Curepto, 16 de julio de 1941 – Santiago, 6 de marzo de 2005) fue una profesora y política chilena, dirigente del Partido Comunista de Chile. Fue Diputada para el período 1965-1969 y reelegida en 1969 … (full text, es.wikipedia) … and: Página de Gladys Marín en el sitio del Partido Comunista.

Gladys del Carmen Marín Millie – Diputado.

..

Gladys Marín Millié – Chile (1941 – 2005)

She worked for the Chilean Communist Party (in Spanish: Partido Comunista de Chile). This is a Chilean political party that advocates communism. It was founded in 1922, as the continuation of the Socialist Workers Party.

Gladys Marín, Communist opponent of Pinochet, 8 March 2005.

Con el respaldo de mil firmas. ALCALDE REMITIRÁ AL CONCEJO SOLICITUD DE LOS COMUNISTAS PARA QUE UNA CALLE DE PUNTA ARENAS LLEVE EL NOMBRE DE GLADYS MARÍN. Con el respaldo de mil firmas, la directiva del Partido Comunista en Magallanes, se reunió con el alcalde Juan Morano Cornejo, solicitando que se nomine con el nombre de Gladys Marín Millie, una calle de Punta Arenas, indicando que « el nombre y la figura de Marín convoca la simpatía y solidaridad de millones de chilenos » y « que Punta Arenas no es ajena a ese sentir ». Tamara Avendaño, presidenta del Partido Comunista en Magallanes, indicó que la fallecida dirigente nacional de los comunistas fue « una activa luchadora por las causas del pueblo » y que su figura « es reconocida tanto nacional como internacionalmente ». El alcalde Juan Morano, les manifestó a los dirigentes comunistas, que la solicitud de nominar una calle con el nombre de Gladys Marín Millie, la iba a remitir al concejo municipal para su aprobación, indicando también, que era muy oportuna la solicitud, en el Día Internacional de la Mujer … (centros chilenos blog, 10/03/2007).

Her unofficial life and work.

In September 1973, Gladys Marín, who has died, aged 63, of a brain tumour, had just arrived back in Chile from a tour of Europe when the army chief-of-staff Augusto Pinochet led a military coup against the Popular Unity government of Salvador Allende. Immediately, Marín, a leading member of the Chilean Communist party and a parliamentarian, broadcast a desperate message of defiance on Radio Magallanes. Her name appeared on the junta’s most-wanted list, and she went underground, separated from her husband, the Santiago Communist party secretary Jorge Muñoz, and their two sons … (full text).

Bidding a 2005 farewell to the best and brightest.

Found on 1000PeaceWomen: Gladys Marín’s ‘footprint’ remains. It is in the people of her country and in the world that admired her leadership, just as they admired the fighting spirit that sustained her, in the struggle against the tyranny that devastated Chile from 1973 to 1990. It was the same spirit that gave her the strength to overcome the pain of exile, of knowing that her husband had disappeared, of being far away from her two sons. She believed that, “the ideals of justice, peace and solidarity, the ideals of communism, are going to destroy the awful myths propagated against the left-wing movement.”

Continuer la lecture de « Gladys Marín Millié – Chile (1941 – 2005) »

Eric Walberg – Canada

Linked with Opium of the masses – part 2.

Eric Walberg is a journalist and writes for Al-Ahram Weekly. He tells on his own website: If you want to see me in action, you can watch a panel discussion about the Annapolis meeting between Fatah leader Mahmoud Abbas and Israeli PM Ehud Olmert: TV Debate, Middle East: Part 1, 5.25 min; part 2, 7.17 min. … (see also all his other videos on Youtube).

He writes: … While Georgians see themselves as part of Europe, “the whole history of Georgia is of Georgian kings writing to Western kings for help, or for understanding. And sometimes not even getting a response,” said its thoroughly Westernised president, Mikheil Saakashvili, in a recent interview. “Not just being an isolated, faraway country, but part of something bigger”. With a population of 4.7 million, this beautiful land, noted for its dozen or so hot-blooded independent-minded peoples, is surrounded by at best indifferent neighbours Armenia, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and of course Russia. Its fiery 40-year-old president does not disappoint, with his penchant for thumbing his nose at Russia and lavishly admiring US President George W Bush … (full text, May 7th, 2008).

His personal Website.

..

Eric Walberg – Canada

Heart of darkness: Afghan Resistance against Foreign Occupation, June 4, 2008.

… For sceptics about the possibility of some form of LHOP/MHOP, just consider the following: if indeed 6,000 elite business leaders control the world’s fate, surely such an immensely wealthy and powerful coterie could solve the food crisis in a flash. The massive expenditures on arms and the wanton destruction they cause every second, could, if stopped, provide the will and resources to restructure the world to end starvation, let alone poverty, leaving lots left over for the elite to wallow in. There is no organised force of any consequence opposing this world elite. What’s stopping it? (full long text about food crisis).
[Explanation: « Made it Happen On Purpose » (MHOP) … and: « Let it Happen On Purpose » (LHOP) …]

Silent tsunami, May 17th, 2008.

Twenty years ago this week the Soviet Union began its withdrawal from Afghanistan, eight and a half years after it was invited by the desperate People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA), which had degenerated into intra-party squabbling and was beset by Islamic rebels massively financed by the United States. The straw that broke the Soviets’ back was when the US began providing Stinger missiles to Osama bin Laden and his friends … (full text).

He asks: « Is there more than meets the eye in the sudden flurry of talk about a world food crisis » … (full long text).

… Eric wrote to me, and I fully agree with his view: « My philosophy of journalism is that it should help shape the historical dialectic. Indeed, I hope that our arguments reach Russian political types and help support the Good in Russian politics – renewing the anti-imperial stance of Soviet Russia. It’s not at all a sure thing, with the strong Zionist lobby in Russia which continues to press and fight Putin. His is not yet primarily a principled position, but the principles have becoming stronger the past few years, as he wrestles with both the domestic and international dragons » … (full text, July 8, 2007).

His personal Library.

Continuer la lecture de « Eric Walberg – Canada »

John Feffer – USA

Linked with Mother Earth’s Triple Whammy.

John Feffer serves as Editor of “Foreign Policy in Focus” the journal of international relations administered by the Institute for Policy Studies . Mr. Feffer has written numerous books, including North Korea/South Korea: U.S. Policy and the Korean Peninsula, and articles on the politics, economics and security of East Asia and the world. He is a central figure in the debate on US foreign policy today … (full text in Korean and english).

John Feffer is co-director of Foreign Policy In Focus.

… For the last 20 years, John Feffer has written on a range of topics from Russian economy and Korean literature to U.S. food policy and the global economy. His shorter essays have appeared in the International Herald Tribune, The Progressive, Salon, Newsday and The American Prospect. He has also edited several books, including the FPIF collection Power Trip and The Future of U.S.-Korean Relations from Routledge. Before joining IRC, Feffer was a Writing Fellow at Provisions Library in Washington, DC and a PanTech fellow in Korean Studies at Stanford University. Feffer studied in England and Russia, lived in Poland and Japan, and traveled widely throughout Europe and Asia. (full text).

He says: « I was first led to the study of North Korea because of my interest in communist systems. I studied in Moscow in 1985 and lived in Poland in 1989, which gave me a first-hand opportunity to witness first the Gorbachev reforms and then the Solidarity-led transformations. I was curious why the North Korean state did not collapse in 1989 or later during the food crisis of the mid-1990s. This curiosity led me to conduct further research and, eventually, to take several trips to North Korea » … (full interview text, ).

His Website.

..

John Feffer – USA

America’s Foreign Policy Bubble, June 16, 2008.

He writes: Locavores – the latest trend in dietary activists – speak of reducing “food miles,” of sustaining small farms, of the better taste of produce grown or raised locally (Feffer, 2007). It’s not just Europeans. North Americans are beginning to follow the European lead in prizing local products. Local sourcing – with its application of the term terroir to products other than wine and the rapid growth of direct farmer to consumer marketing through consumer-supported agriculture (CSAs) – has taken up the same radical challenge to factory farming that the organics movement raised a generation ago, but with an additional critique of the global agro-assembly line. In a reversal of the old relationship between emperors and their dominions, people are nowadays assigning greater value to items produced locally … (full text).

Scott Horton Interviews John Feffer, February 13th, 2008.

He says also: … « We urgently need a change in U.S. policy toward North Korea and toward East Asia more generally. I hope that my book will, first of all, raise the profile of Korea on the agendas of progressive organizations in the United States (and in Japan, Germany, and Spain where the book is being translated). I rather doubt that North Korea, South Korea will find its way onto the bookshelves of any Bush administration officials. But I hope that some of the critiques and some of the alternatives find their way into the mainstream debate on these issues in this country. The fact that the book has garnered interest in South Korea has made me quite happy about the undertaking. If we are in the same terrible impasse in November 2004, with the United States continuing to play a negative role on the peninsula, then I would feel very discouraged » … (full interview text, January 1, 2004).

Beyond Detente: New Options on East-West Relations, 232 pages, 1990.

Continuer la lecture de « John Feffer – USA »

Emma Goldman – Lithuania-Russia-USA (1869 – 1940)

Linked with the Jewish Women’s Archive JWA.

Emma Goldman (June 27, 1869 – May 14, 1940) was an anarchist known for her political activism, writing, and speeches. She was lionized as a free-thinking « rebel woman » by admirers, and derided as an advocate of politically motivated murder and violent revolution by her critics. Born in Kaunas, Lithuania (then part of the Russian Empire), to an Orthodox Jewish family, Goldman suffered from a violent relationship with her father. Although she attended schools in Königsberg, her father refused to allow her further education when the family moved to Saint Petersburg. Still, she read voraciously and educated herself about the politics of her time. She moved with her sister Helena to Rochester, New York, in the United States at the age of sixteen. Married briefly in 1887, she divorced her husband and moved to New York City. Attracted to anarchism after the Haymarket affair, Goldman was trained by Johann Most in public speaking and became a renowned lecturer, attracting crowds of thousands. The writer and anarchist Alexander Berkman became her lover, lifelong intimate friend, and comrade. Together they planned to assassinate Henry Clay Frick as an act of propaganda of the deed. Though Frick survived the attempt on his life, Berkman was sentenced to twenty-two years in prison. Goldman herself was imprisoned several times in the years that followed, for « inciting to riot » and illegally distributing information about birth control. In 1906, Goldman founded the anarchist journal Mother Earth … (full huge long text).

She said: If I can’t dance, I don’t want to be in your revolution » … (on wikipedia/Legacy/picture script); … and: « I want freedom, the right to self-expression, everybody’s right to beautiful, radiant things » … (in jwa.org); … and: « The free expression of the hopes and aspirations of a people is the greatest and only safety in a sane society » … (in all posters.com).

..

Emma Goldman (ca. 1910) – Lithuania-Russia-USA (1869 – 1940)

The Emma Goldman Exhibit: Women of Valor.

… She dreamed of a communistic society where everybody contributes according to ability and takes according to need. During World War I she was arrested because of organizing an anti-draft campaign. In 1919 she was deported back to Russia with other anarchists. Even being first a supporter of the Bolshevik Revolution, she became fast disillusioned with the oppression of free speech and the party rule. Her, in 1923 published book « My Disillusionment with Russia » was one of the first real critiques of the Soviet System. She left Russia and spent the rest of her life in Canada and Europe. She died on May 14th 1940 … (full text).

Her book: My Disillusionment in Russia, 1923.

… She was educated in East Prussia and in St. Petersburg, where she moved with her family in 1881, months after the assassination of Czar Alexander II. Goldman lived in a world ruled by fear and the ubiquitous secret police, a world in which even the mildest expression of dissent would be summarily crushed. As a teenager, she began to embrace the ideas of the Russian revolutionary movement. The movement imagined a society of free equals, a tantalizing Utopia in which all problems could be solved on earth, by ordinary people. Its proponents were committed to removing a Czarist regime at any cost … (pbs.org).

« Union Square is Not For Sale » Declare Activists, June 7, 2008.

Continuer la lecture de « Emma Goldman – Lithuania-Russia-USA (1869 – 1940) »